Animal cell culture is to take relevant tissues from the animal body, disperse them into individual cells (using trypsin or collagenase), and then put them in a suitable culture medium to allow these cells to grow and proliferate.

Vaccine is an automatic immune agent for the prevention of infectious diseases, which is made of pathogenic microorganisms (such as bacteria, viruses, etc.) and their metabolites through artificial virus reduction, inactivation or genetic engineering. According to the different types of infectious disease pathogens it prevents, it can be roughly divided into bacterial vaccines and viral vaccines. Many viral vaccines used in the population now need to be prepared through the process of virus culture, purification, concentration, inactivation or lysis. Because virosomes are a kind of parasitic microorganisms specialized in host cells, their reproduction needs to be carried out in their specific host cells. Therefore, the cultivation of viruses in the production of viral vaccines requires the cultivation of animal cells in which the virosomes can reproduce first.

There are many expression hosts of foreign proteins, including prokaryotic cells (E.coli), yeast cells and insect cells. However, as foreign proteins used in human drugs, mammalian cells are used as hosts for expression, which is closer to their natural conformation, such as Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO cells). As the most widely used animal cell in bioengineering pharmacy, CHO cell has its advantages and disadvantages. At the same time, we have many points to pay attention to in the process of cell culture, which are introduced one by one.